Evaluación de la eficacia de los fármacos anti-vegf en patologías retinianas: revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56183/iberojhr.v6i2.1043Palavras-chave:
Anti-VEGF, Patologías retinianas, Degeneración macular, Edema macular, Retinopatía diabética, Neovascularización, Eficacia.Resumo
Los fármacos anti-VEGF han revolucionado el tratamiento de diversas patologías retinianas, destacándose por su eficacia en la inhibición del factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular (VEGF). Este artículo de revisión narrativa explora el impacto de estos agentes en enfermedades como la degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE), el edema macular diabético (EMD) y la oclusión venosa retiniana (OVR). Los anti-VEGF, como ranibizumab, bevacizumab y aflibercept, han demostrado mejorar significativamente la agudeza visual y reducir la progresión de estas condiciones, al minimizar la formación de nuevos vasos sanguíneos anómalos y disminuir la permeabilidad vascular. A pesar de sus beneficios, el tratamiento conlleva desafíos, incluyendo la necesidad de inyecciones intravítreas frecuentes y el potencial desarrollo de resistencia o efectos adversos. Este artículo también aborda las innovaciones recientes en la administración de estos fármacos, como los sistemas de liberación prolongada y las terapias combinadas, que buscan optimizar los resultados clínicos y mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente. Se concluye que, aunque los anti-VEGF representan un avance significativo en el manejo de patologías retinianas, es crucial continuar investigando para superar las limitaciones actuales y explorar nuevas estrategias terapéuticas.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Juan José Vélez Parra, Ricardo Sebastian Arias Cañar, Alexander Ramiro Naranjo Noboa, Carolina Elizabeth Naranjo Noboa, Luz Melida Quishpi Anilema, Jessica Carolina Muñoz Toledo, Jorman Fernando Cazorla Vinueza, Martin Nicolas Yanes Bedón
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
