Perturbation exercises to improve balance and gait in older adults in rural areas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56183/iberojhr.v4i2.692Palavras-chave:
idosos; quedas acidentais; marcha; equilíbrio postural; terapia por exercícios.Resumo
Background: Falls represent one of the main causes of activity limitation, participation restriction and deaths due to involuntary trauma in the elderly, becoming a serious socio-sanitary problem. It requires the development of preventive and curative interventions of the syndromes associated with this phenomenon. Objective: To establish the effect of a perturbation exercise program to improve balance and gait in older adults in rural areas. Methods: Balance, gait, and risk of falls were assessed with the Tinetti scale and the Times Up and Go (TUG) test. Before and after applying the perturbation exercises, they were reviewed and validated by expert judgment. Results: A clinical improvement in balance and gait of between 1 to 6 points is reflected, as well as a decrease in the risk of falls both in the Tinetti scale and in the TUG test. These were evidenced with significant differences between measures in balance (p=0.000), gait (p=0.000), risk of falls -Tinetti (p=0.000) and TUG test (p=0.000). Conclusions: Perturbation exercises improve balance and gait in older adults, reducing the risk of falls.
Referências
Allin, LJ, Brolinson, P.G., Beach, B.M., Kim, S., Nussbaum, M.A., Roberto, K.A., & Madigan, M.L. (2020). Perturbation-based balance training targeting both slip- and trip-induced falls among older adults: a randomized controlled trial. BMC geriatrics, 20(1), 205.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01605-9
Bierbaum, S., Peper, A., & Arampatzis, A. (2013). Exercise of mechanisms of dynamic stability improves the stability state after an unexpected gait perturbation in elderly. Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands), 35(5), 1905–1915. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-012-9481-z
Epro, G., Mierau, A., McCrum, C., Leyendecker, M., Brüggemann, GP, & Karamanidis, K. (2018). Retention of gait stability improvements over 1.5 years in older adults: effects of perturbation exposure and triceps surae neuromuscular exercise. Journal of neurophysiology, 119(6), 2229–2240. https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00513.2017
Gimmon, Y., Riemer, R., Kurz, I., Shapiro, A., Debbi, R., & Melzer, I. (2018). Perturbation exercises during treadmill walking improve pelvic and trunk motion in older adults-A randomized control trial. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics, 75, 132–138.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2017.12.004
Gomes N, Lima A, Pereira D, et al.(2019) Repositorio Institucional UFC: Desfechos associados ao teste Timed up & go em speed of usual and maximum em idos. Available from: https://repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/48694
Guevara CR, Lugo Validity LH. (2012) Validity and reliability of the Tinetti Scale for the Colombian population. Available from: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=s0121-81232012000400004
Hamstra, K., Swanik, C., Sitler, M., Swanik, K., Ferber, R., Ridenour, M., & Huxel, K. (2006). Gender comparisons of dynamic restraint and motor skill in children. Clin J Sport Med.;16(1), 56-62. doi:10.1097/01.jsm.0000179232.10261.65
Hernandez-Nieto R. (2011) Data collection instruments in social sciences and biomedical sciences: Validity and Reliability: University of Los Andes-Faculty of Humanities and Education.
James, SL, Lucchesi, LR, Bisignano, C., Castle, CD, Dingels, ZV, Fox, JT, Hamilton, EB, Henry, NJ, Krohn, KJ, Liu, Z., McCracken, D., Nixon, MR , Roberts, NLS, Sylte, DO, Adsuar, JC, Arora, A., Briggs, AM, Collado-Mateo, D., Cooper, C., Dandona, L., Murray, CJL (2020). The global burden of falls: global, regional and national estimates of morbidity and mortality from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Injury prevention: journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention, 26(Supp 1), i3–i11.https://doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043286
König, M., Epro, G., Seeley, J., Potthast, W., & Karamanidis, K. (2019). Retention and generalizability of balance recovery response adaptations from trip perturbations across the adult life span. Journal of neurophysiology, 122(5), 1884–1893.https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00380.2019
Kurz, I., Gimmon, Y., Shapiro, A., Debi, R., Snir, Y., & Melzer, I. (2016). Unexpected perturbations training improves balance control and voluntary stepping times in older adults - a double blind randomized control trial. BMC geriatrics, 16, 58. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-016-0223-4
Manrique-Espinoza, B., Salinas-Rodríguez, A., Moreno-Tamayo, K., & Téllez-Rojo, MM (2011). Prevalence of functional dependence and its association with falls in a sample of poor older adults in Mexico. Public Health of Mexico, 53(1), 26-33.
Menéndez, J., Guevara, A., Arcia, N., León D., et al (2005) Chronic diseases and functional limitation in older adults: comparative study in seven cities in Latin America and the Caribbean. Rev Panam Public Health,17(5/6) 353-361
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D.G., & PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
WHO. World Health Organization. (2022). Aging and health. Available from: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health.
WHO. World Health Organization (2021). Falls. Available from: https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls
WHO. World Health Organization (2011). World Disability Report. Available from:https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health
Osoba, MY, Rao, AK, Agrawal, SK, & Lalwani, AK (2019). Balance and gait in the elderly: A contemporary review. Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology, 4(1), 143–153.https://doi.org/10.1002/lio2.252
Peláez, Martha (2005) Building the foundations for good health in old age: situation in the Americas: editorial. Rev Panam Public Health,17(5/6) 299-302
Reyes-Ortiz, CA, Al Snih, S., & Markides, KS (2005). Falls among elderly persons in Latin America and the Caribbean and among elderly Mexican-Americans. Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health, 17(5-6), 362–369.https://doi.org/10.1590/s1020-49892005000500008
Rieger M, Papegaaij S, Pijnappels M, Steenbrink F, Van Dieën J. (2020)Transfer and retention effects of gait training with anterior-posterior perturbations to postural responses after medio-lateral gait perturbations in older adults. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon).
Silva,Edivã Bernardo da, Pin, Alessandro dos Santos, & Silva Filho,Manoel da. (2015). Changes in muscle strength in elderly women after proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation based training. Physioter em Mov. 2015;2(4):357–63.
Stodden, D., Langendorfer, S., & Roberton, M. (2009). The association between motor skill competence and physical fitness in young adults. Q Exerc Sport.;80(2), 223-229. doi:10.1080/02701367.2009.10599556
Verghese, J., LeValley, A., Hall, CB, Katz, MJ, Ambrose, AF, & Lipton, RB (2006). Epidemiology of gait disorders in community-residing older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54(2), 255-261.
Valencia C, Jimènez O, Díaz L, Mazadiego G. (2012) Correlation between the modified Borg scale and oxygen saturation during the maximum stress test in post-infarction patients. Mexican Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 24(1):5-9.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2024 Erika Yazmín Sánchez Villacís, María Narciza Cedeño Zamora, Gerardo Fernando Fernández Soto, María Alexandra Vaca Sánchez, Paola Bibiana Jiménez Laverde
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
