Enfermedad arterial periférica – Enfoque diagnóstico: Revisión Bibliográfica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56183/iberojhr.v5i1.716Palavras-chave:
Ateroesclerosis, Enfermedad Arterial Periférica, Cardiovascular, Índice Tobillo Brazo.Resumo
La enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) es una patología común y frecuentemente subdiagnosticada que afecta principalmente a las extremidades inferiores debido a la obstrucción del flujo sanguíneo por aterosclerosis. Este artículo de revisión narrativa aborda los aspectos esenciales para un enfoque diagnóstico adecuado, destacando la importancia de una anamnesis detallada y un examen físico exhaustivo como pilares fundamentales. Métodos diagnósticos no invasivos, como el índice tobillo-brazo (ITB), se presentan como herramientas clave para confirmar la sospecha clínica y evaluar la severidad de la enfermedad. Además, se discuten técnicas avanzadas de imagen, como la ecografía Doppler, la angiotomografía computarizada y la angiorresonancia magnética, que permiten una evaluación más precisa en casos complejos. Reconocer los factores de riesgo, como el tabaquismo, la diabetes mellitus, la hipertensión arterial y la dislipidemia, resulta crucial para una detección temprana y una intervención oportuna. Este enfoque integral busca optimizar el diagnóstico y, en última instancia, mejorar los resultados clínicos en pacientes con EAP.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Alexandra Abigail Encalada Pardo, Richard Kleber Tenesaca Crespo, Boris Joshue Coello Manrique, Eduardo Alejandro Haro Vizcaino, Juliana Andrea Amado Berdugo, Adrián Esteban Cañar Calderón, Evelyn Carolina Maspud Cuasquer, Alejandra Estefanía Castillo Alcívar
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